1. 列出所有可用单元 # systemctl list-unit-files 2. 列出所有运行中单元 # systemctl list-units 3. 列出所有失败单元 # systemctl –failed 4. 检查某个单元(如 crond.service)是否启用 # systemctl is-enabledcrond.service 5. 列出所有服务 # systemctl list-unit-files –type=service 6. Linux中如何启动、重启、停止、重载服务以及检查服务(如 httpd.service)状态 # systemctl start httpd.service # systemctl restart httpd.service # systemctl stop httpd.service # systemctl reload httpd.service # systemctl status httpd.service 注意:当我们使用systemctl的start,restart,stop和reload命令时,终端不会输出任何内容,只有status命令可以打印输出。 7. 如何激活服务并在开机时启用或禁用服务(即系统启动时自动启动mysql.service服务) # systemctl is-active mysql.service # systemctl enable mysql.service # systemctl disable mysql.service 8. 如何屏蔽(让它不能启动)或显示服务(如ntpdate.service) # systemctl mask ntpdate.service ln -s ‘/dev/null”/etc/systemd/system/ntpdate.service’ # systemctl unmask ntpdate.service rm ‘/etc/systemd/system/ntpdate.service’ 9. 使用systemctl命令杀死服务 # systemctl killcrond 10. 列出所有系统挂载点 # systemctl list-unit-files –type=mount 11. 挂载、卸载、重新挂载、重载系统挂载点并检查系统中挂载点状态 # systemctl start tmp.mount # systemctl stop tmp.mount # systemctl restart tmp.mount # systemctl reload tmp.mount # systemctl status tmp.mount 12. 在启动时激活、启用或禁用挂载点(系统启动时自动挂载) # systemctl is-active tmp.mount # systemctl enable tmp.mount # systemctl disable tmp.mount 13. 在Linux中屏蔽(让它不能启用)或可见挂载点 # systemctl mask tmp.mount ln -s ‘/dev/null”/etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount’ # systemctl unmask tmp.mount rm ‘/etc/systemd/system/tmp.mount’ 14. 列出所有可用系统套接口 # systemctl list-unit-files –type=socket 15. 检查某个服务的所有配置细节 # systemctl showmysql 16. 获取某个服务(httpd)的依赖性列表 # systemctl list-dependencies httpd.service 17. 启动救援模式 # systemctl rescue 18. 进入紧急模式 # systemctl emergency 19. 列出当前使用的运行等级 # systemctl get-default 20. 启动运行等级5,即图形模式 # systemctl isolate runlevel5.target 或 # systemctl isolate graphical.target 21. 启动运行等级3,即多用户模式(命令行) # systemctl isolate runlevel3.target 或 # systemctl isolate multiuser.target 22. 设置多用户模式或图形模式为默认运行等级 # systemctl set-default runlevel3.target # systemctl set-default runlevel5.target 23. 重启、停止、挂起、休眠系统或使系统进入混合睡眠 # systemctl reboot # systemctl halt # systemctl suspend # systemctl hibernate # systemctl hybrid-sleep 对于不知运行等级为何物的人,说明如下。 Runlevel 0 : 关闭系统 Runlevel 1 : 救援,维护模式 Runlevel 3 : 多用户,无图形系统 Runlevel 4 : 多用户,无图形系统 Runlevel 5 : 多用户,图形化系统 Runlevel 6 : 关闭并重启机器